Data Organization, Data Classification: meaning, Objectives, Characteristics, Basis
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Learning Outcomes:- Through this
module, you will gain understanding on:- 1.
Why do we organize data? 2.
Organization of data - meaning 3.
Classification of data - meaning 4.
Objectives of classification 5.
Characteristics of a good classification 6. Basis of classification |
Why do we organize data?
● Raw data collected for an investigation is like a lump of clay without any specific shape or identity.
● it is not capable of offering any meaningful conclusion
● raw data is to be organized before being presented for final observations or conclusions
★ Organization of data = Arrangement of figures in such a form that facilities comparison and further analysis
★ Classification of data =
● An important method for organizing data
● To distribute data into different classes on the basis of their characteristics (similarity)
● Class = each division of data
● Involves conversion of raw data into statistical series
● Such that some meaningful conclusions can be drawn out of them
● Classification = Grouping of related facts into different classes
Objectives of classification -
● To appear data in simple and brief form
● Bringing out similarity within diverse set of data
● makes obvious differences among data more clear
● Scientific arrangement of data
● makes data more attractive and effective
Characteristics of a good classification -
● Each item of the data gets into some group or class, no item should be left out
● There should be no confusion about placement of any item in a group
● All items in a group or class must be homogeneous
● Composition of classes must suit the objective of enquiry <?!EXAMPLE>
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To determine Income and expenditure of students in a school |
Classify data on the basis of different levels of income and expenditure |
NOT On the basis of weight or marital status |
● A particular kind of Investigation should be based on the same set of classification
● Scope for change in classification matching with the change in purpose or objective of study
Basis of classification -
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Geographical or spatial or Locational differences |
Number of firms producing bicycles across different locations i.e. punjab, haryana, up |
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Chronological (time) |
Sales of a firm for years 2011 to 2013 |
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Qualitative classification (According to qualities or attributes of data) |
1. Simple Classification According to dichotomy (contrast between two things) e.g. male-female, educated-uneducated 2. Manyfold classification According to more than one characteristic Factory workers - skilled/unskilled - literate/illiterate - rural/urban |
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Quantitative or numerical classification  |
● Data are classified into classes or groups on the basis of their numerical values ● Weight - kg, height - cm ● A number of classes are framed keeping in view the lowest and highest value as well as the range of values in the data |
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